![]() Chalcogens can react with Alkali Metals ( Group 1), alkali earth metals ( Group 2), and Transition Metals (groups 3-12). There are a plethora of metal chalcogenides. Alcohols R-OH (Where R is any group where a Carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to it).Sulfur, selenium, and tellurium can be substitutions for oxygen in these types of compounds to form their own classes. Oxygen is in a variety of different classes of Organic Compounds, such as Alcohols or Esters. Oxygen itself is diatomic, meaning it occurs in nature as O 2.īased on each element's possible oxidation states, either a monoxide (+2 state), dioxide (+4 state), or trioxide (+6 state) can be formed. OxidesĬhalcogens have a tendency to react with oxygen to form compounds called oxides. Let's break down some of the common reactions/compounds. These compounds are called chalcogenides. ![]() Chalcogens ReactionsĬhalcogens tend to form certain types of compounds. This is because heavier elements are larger, so the nucleus has a weaker "pull" on the outermost electrons, making them easier to lose/remove. Polonium: -2, +2, +4, and +6.Īs you can see, oxygen can only gain electrons, while the heavier elements can lose electrons. In this case, it means that chalcogens normally gain 2 electrons, so they have a full set of 8 electrons (called an octet)Below are the other common oxidation states for the chalcogens: -Oxygen: -2 and -1. Exception: Polonium has a higher melting/boiling point than tellurium.Įlectronegativity (tendency for atoms to gain electrons).So let's look at how certain properties change as you go down the group. ![]() When we look at the Physical Properties of groups, we often look at the trends. all of them except polonium) are soft and poor conductors. Oxygen is a gas, while the other chalcogens are solids. Tellurium is a metalloid (has properties of both metals and non-metals), while polonium is a very radioactive metal.įor example, oxygen is a colorless gas (at room temperature), while tellurium is a silver solid with a metallic shine, shown below:īecause of this, there are some variations in their properties as well, as we will see in these next sections. Oxygen, sulfur, and selenium are all non-metals. ![]() There are some variations in the chalcogens. Since it is mostly uncategorized, we will skip it when further describing this group. However, it is predicted to be a chalcogen. Livermorium is a man-made element whose properties we don't know much about, as only a few atoms have ever been synthesized. There is one more chalcogen listed, and that is livermorium (Lv). Now that we know where they are, let's meet our cast of characters!: The Chalcogens are also sometimes called group 6A (VIA), since they are the 6th column on the periodic table when you exclude the Transition Metals List of Chalcogens The chalcogens are the 16th column on the periodic table, as shown below: oxygen familyĬhalcogen (ore forming) is derived from the Greek word khalkόs (χαλκός) (meaning ore) and the Latin word genēs meaning born. Chalcogens are the group 16 elements in the Periodic Table. ![]()
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